Different stages--physiological features of laying hens

Improper management will directly affect the physique and egg production of laying hens in the later stage.

To do a good job of feeding and management in the early stage, you must first understand the physiological characteristics of laying hens. We generally divide it into three stages, the brooding stage, the breeding stage, and the egg-laying stage. Do a good job in the early feeding and management, mainly in the brooding and breeding stages.

1. The brooding stage

1-6 weeks old is the brooding period of commercial laying hens. The digestive function of chicks is not perfect after hatching. The need for nutrients depends on two sources. One is to supply nutrient-rich and digestible, high-protein feed; the other is to rely on The nutrients provided by the yolk that are not fully absorbed in the chick's own abdomen. The brooding period is the period of the phylogeny of the chicks. The various tissues and organs of the chicks develop gradually from imperfect or non-functional functions. The chicks have poor resistance to various external stress factors and mainly rely on the protection of maternal antibodies. Diseases are highly susceptible to environmental influences, resulting in pathological phenomena and even death.

2. Breeding stage

7-18 weeks of age is the breeding period. The breeding period is the vigorous period of growth and development. The functions of each system of the body have basically been developed, so the absorbed nutrients are basically transformed into the growth of bones and muscles. With the growth of laying hens, their own The deposition ability of calcium substances will increase, and fat deposition will also increase. If the feed mix is improper, it will easily lead to obesity of the body, which will seriously affect the egg production and egg quality of the laying hens in the later stage. Lay the foundation for the long duration of the peak period and the high egg production rate.

At the same time, it should be noted that the breeding stage is a critical period for the growth of the body. In addition to ensuring the balance of nutrition in all aspects, it is necessary to timely transfer the group, timely change the laying hen feed, increase the light time, and create suitable temperature and humidity for the chickens. and comfortable environment. Go to see the animal feed machine.

3. Egg-laying stage

Due to the physiological characteristics of chickens during the laying period, the chickens have strong hormone secretion, strong reproductive system metabolism, light sensitivity, high nutrient metabolism rate, high production intensity and poor resistance. All kinds of stress should be reduced, the occurrence of unexpected events should be avoided as much as possible, and the peak period of egg production should be maintained for a longer time (12 months).

It is recommended to weigh the brooding and rearing stage once a week, and replace the feed of the next stage in time according to the weight standard. When the body weight reaches 1350 grams, it is necessary to increase the light.

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Performance of poultry poisoning caused by excessive heavy metals

 The heavy metal elements polluting animal-derived feed products mainly include lead, arsenic, cadmium, chromium and mercury. Bone meal and meat and bone meal may often contain a large amount of lead, arsenic, cadmium and other elements; feather meal and leather protein meal may contain a large amount of lead and arsenic, in addition, leather protein meal often contains a high amount of chromium; fish meal and other aquatic products In addition to a large amount of lead, arsenic, cadmium and chromium, the organism may also contain a large amount of mercury.

1 Fluorine

Bone meal, meat and bone meal and other animal-derived feed products may contain a large amount of fluorine to varying degrees due to different origins and raw materials. Animals raised in natural fluorine-rich areas and industrial fluorine-contaminated areas can accumulate a large amount of fluorine in their bones. Products made from such animal raw materials must contain high fluorine content. Long-term and large-scale use of such products can cause chronic chronic diseases in livestock and poultry. So you can use the floating fish feed machine.

      2 nitrite

      According to foreign reports, sodium nitrite has been used as a preservative in the production of fishmeal. If the amount is too large, it can lead to nitrous acid poisoning in feeding animals, which may be transformed into dimethylnitrosamine, a carcinogen. Ji Zhenyang (2005), He Jin (2006) and other relevant experts reported that when toxic elements exceed the standard, there are the following toxic manifestations.

3 Chrome

① Combines with nucleic acid and nucleoprotein in animals, affecting the phosphorus content in tissues; ② Reduces the activity of amylase and prevents cysteinase oxidation; ③ Impairs the function of red blood cells to carry oxygen, causing lung cancer, especially lysis Chromium compounds, which are acid insoluble in water, are more dangerous.

4 Cadmium

①Reduce the weight gain and feed conversion rate of broilers; ②Cause anemia in pigs, cause sheep anemia and renal dysfunction; ③Cause sperm inactivation in male animals; , Humoral immunity has inhibitory effect, reducing animal immunity.

5 Arsenic

①Combined with the sulfur group of pyruvate oxidase, making the enzyme inactive, affecting the normal metabolism of cells, leading to cell death; ②Harming nerve cells, causing polyneuritis and central neurasthenia, paralyzing capillaries, and causing tissue nutritional disorders; ③ The International Agency for Research on Cancer announced that arsenic is a carcinogenic factor; ④ acute arsenic poisoning can make animals die in a short time;

6 lead

①In the early stage, the excitation and inhibition process of the cerebral cortex can be mildly disturbed, and in the later stage, serious disorder occurs, causing the dysfunction of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems; ②Interfering with hemoglobin synthesis; ③Causing intestinal paroxysmal spasm or paralysis; ④Causing interstitial nephritis , Kidney atrophy, reducing animal immunity; ⑤ It can enter the lactating young animals through milk, causing harmful effects; ⑥ It can enter the fetus through the placenta and endanger the fetus.

7 Fluorine

①Causes the reduction of egg production of poultry, the fertilization rate and hatching rate of breeding eggs; ②Causes the decline of immunity of farmed animals; Inhibits the activity of oxidase and dehydrogenase, affects metabolism, and causes animal weight loss and anemia; ③Causes bone nutrition Bad, skeletal fluorosis, joint stiffness, tooth coloring, enamel damage; ④ cause cardiovascular disease, gastric cancer, lung cancer, and even death.

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